Nourishing Black maternal health: The vital role of nutrition in pregnancy

Despite advances in health care, Black women are still significantly more likely to experience pregnancy-related complications and high mortality rates than white women.

While these disparities are rooted in long-held systemic inequities, community and health care providers can help in one critical area: nutrition and dietary support.

Black Maternal Health Week is a time to raise awareness, amplify voices and address the persistent health inequities faced by Black mothers and birthing people across the United States, according to the Black Mamas Matter Alliance.

Nutrition as a tool for health equity

Proper nutrition is foundational to health before, during and after pregnancy. It supports the mother’s health, baby’s development and birth, and long-term health for both.

Black mothers are disproportionately affected by chronic conditions such as hypertension (high blood pressure), diabetes and obesity, so nutrition is not just supportive care; it’s preventive care. Also, Black communities often face food insecurity and lack access to culturally relevant nutrition support, which can increase health risks during pregnancy.

Nutrition education should go beyond general recommendations. It should acknowledge the lived experiences of Black families. Culturally appropriate dietary guidance — focused on balance rather than restriction — can help people feel supported and improve health outcomes.

Addressing these health gaps with inclusive and respectful nutrition services helps empower Black mothers to make informed choices while honoring cultural food traditions.

Supporting mom and baby before, during & after pregnancy

Nutrition before pregnancy & birth: Getting enough key nutrients such as iron, folate, calcium, vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids supports a baby’s growth and the health and strength of the mother. Balanced nutrition before and during pregnancy helps regulate blood sugar, support healthy weight gain and reduce inflammation — all critical for preventing complications.

Postpartum nutrition: After birth, proper nutrition supports recovery, mental health and breastfeeding. Black mothers are more likely to experience postpartum complications, including anemia and hypertension. Dietary support during the postpartum period is essential for healing, energy and sustained well-being.

Preventing common pregnancy-related complications

Nutrition plays a central role in reducing the risk and severity of several conditions that disproportionately affect Black mothers, including:

• Preeclampsia and hypertension: Diets rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins and healthy fats support healthy blood pressure and vascular health.
• Gestational diabetes: Consistent, balanced meals that manage carbohydrate intake and prioritize fiber and protein can improve blood sugar levels.
• Excessive or inadequate weight gain: Personalized nutrition counseling helps support appropriate weight gain, lowering the risk of cesarean delivery, preterm birth and postpartum complications.

Early and ongoing nutrition support delivered through prenatal care, community programs and trusted health care providers can significantly improve health outcomes for mothers and newborns.

A call to action

Improving Black maternal health requires collective action. Health care systems, community organizations and public health professionals must prioritize nutrition by:

• Expanding access to registered dietitians in prenatal and postpartum settings
• Investing in culturally relevant nutrition education
• Addressing food insecurity through community partnerships
• Centering Black voices in maternal health initiatives

During Black Maternal Health Week, MultiCare reaffirms that every mother deserves safe, respectful and nourishing care. By strengthening nutrition support across the maternal journey, we can help close health gaps, prevent complications and ensure healthier futures for Black mothers and their children.