Pulmonary Hypertension
Pulmonary hypertension is a type of high blood pressure that affects the arteries connecting the heart and lungs. When the force of blood (pressure) against the pulmonary arteries is too high the arteries can narrow or become blocked, restricting blood flow. Over time, this can harm both the heart and lungs.
There are different types of pulmonary hypertension, depending on the cause, which in some cases is unknown. The condition is typically diagnosed in those between the ages of 30 and 60 and is more common in women.
The risk of developing pulmonary hypertension increases if you have certain medical conditions, such as lupus or HIV or use cocaine or methamphetamines.
Symptoms of pulmonary hypertension
If you have pulmonary hypertension, you may not notice it at first. Over time, you may experience the following symptoms:
- Blue lips or fingers
- Chest pain
- Dizziness
- Fainting
- Fatigue
- Racing or pounding heart rhythm
- Shortness of breath
- Swelling in the feet and legs that spreads to the belly and neck
Diagnosing and treating pulmonary hypertension
If your doctor thinks you have pulmonary hypertension, you’ll need to undergo additional testing, which may include:
- Blood tests
- Imaging tests such as a chest X-ray or cardiac MRI
- Exercise stress tests (these tests indicate how exercise affects the heart)
While there is no cure for pulmonary hypertension, treatments can improve your quality of life and manage symptoms. Your treatment plan may include:
Surgery. The type of surgery used depends on your specific situation. One option involves making a small hole in the heart. This increases blood flow between the left and right sides of the heart and reduces symptoms. Another option is inserting a tiny balloon into the problematic artery. Once there, the balloon expands and allows blood to flow more easily. If a blood clot in the lung is causing pulmonary hypertension, the clot can be removed.
Medications. Medications that thin your blood, lower your blood pressure and control the flow of blood can reduce symptoms.
Oxygen therapy. This form of therapy, also known as supplemental oxygen, increases your oxygen intake, helping to relieve symptoms like shortness of breath and support your overall health.
Lifestyle changes. Exercising regularly and eating a nutritious diet can help manage pulmonary hypertension.